Nursing Bullets: Communicable Disease

DRUG OF CHOICE

• Tetanus: PEN G Na; DIAZEPAM (Valium)
• Meningitis: MANNITOL (osmotic diuretic); DEXAMETHASONE (anti-inflammatory); DILANTIN/PHENYTOIN (anti-convulsive); PYRETINOL/ENCEPHABO L (CNS stimulant)
• Rabies Vaccines: LYSSAVAC, VERORAB
• Immunoglobulins: ERIG or HRIg

DIAGNOSTIC TESTS

• Tetanus: WOUND CULTURE
• Meningitis: LUMBAR PUNCTURE
• Encephalitis: EEG
• Polio: EMG; Muscle testing
• Rabies: Brain biopsy (Negri bodies) Fluorescent rabies antibody test
• Dengue: TOURNIQUET test (Rumpel lead)
• Malaria: Malarial smear; QBC (Quantitative Buffy Coat)
• Scarlet: DICK’S TEST; SCHULTZ-CHARLTON TEST
• Diphtheria: SCHICK’S TEST; Moloney’s Test
• Pertussis: Nasal swab; agar plate
• Tuberculosis: MANTOUX test
• Leprosy: SLIT SKIN SMEAR
• Pinworm: SCOTCH TAPE SWAB
• Typhoid: WIDAL’S test
• HIV/AIDS: ELISA; WESTERN BLOT; PCT: Polymerase Chain Reaction Test

CAUSATIVE AGENTS

• Tetanus: CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI
• Meningococcemia: NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS
• Rabies: RHABDOVIRUS
• Poliomyelitis: LEGIO DEBILITANS (Type I Brunhilde); (Type II Lansing); (Type III Leon)
• Dengue Fever: ARBOVIRUSES (Chikunggunya); (Onyong-nyong); (West Nile); (Flaviviruses) (Common in the Phil.)
• Malaria: PLASMODIUM (protozoa) P. Falciparum (most fatal); P. Vivax P. Malariae; P. Ovale
• Filariasis: WUCHERERIA BANCROFTI; BRUGIA MALAYI
• Leprosy: MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE
• Measles: PARAMYXO VIRUS
• German measles: TOGA VIRUS
• Chicken pox: VARICELLA ZOSTER VIRUS
• Herpes zoster: HERPES ZOSTER VIRUS
• Scarlet fever: Group A HEMOLYTIC STREPTOCOCCUS
• Scabies: SARCOPTES SCABIEI (itch mite)
• Bubonic plague: YERSINIA PESTIS
• Diphtheria: KLEBS LOEFFLER
• Pertussis: BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS
• Tuberculosis: MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS
• Typhoid: SALMONELLA TYPHI
• Cholera: VIBRIO CHOLERA
• Amoebiasis: ENTAMOEBA HYSTOLITICA
• Leptospirosis: LEPTOSPIRA Spirochete
• Schistosomiasis: Schistosoma japonicum
• Gonorrhea: N. GONORRHEAE
• Syphilis: TREPONEMA PALLIDUM
• Chlamydia: C. trachomatis, T. vaginalis
• Genital herpes: HERPES SIMPLEX 2

Communicable Disease PHARMACOLOGY