Description
Dextrose 5% in Water (D5W) raises total fluid volume it is also helpful in rehydrating and excretory purposes.
Type of Solution
- Dextrose 5% Water
- Isotonic then hypotonic (once inside the body)
Classification
- Isotonic then hypotonic
- Nonpyrogenic
- Parenteral fluid
- Electrolyte
- Nutrient replenisher
Contents
- Dextrose Hydrous 50gm/L
Mechanism of action
- Dextrose provides a source of calories. Dextrose is readily metabolized, may decrease losses of body protein and nitrogen, promotes glycogen deposition and decreases or prevents ketosis if sufficient doses are provided
Indications
- Lactated Ringer’s and 5% Dextrose Injection, is indicated as a source of water, electrolytes and calories or as an alkalinizing agent.
Contraindications
- solutions containing dextrose may be contraindicated in patients with known
- allergy to corn or corn products.
Dose
- As directed by a physician. Dosage is dependent upon the age, weight and clinical condition of the patient as well as laboratory determinations.
- Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration whenever solution and container permit.
- All injections in VIAFLEX plastic containers are intended for intravenous administration using sterile equipment.
- As reported in the literature, the dosage and constant infusion rate of intravenous dextrose must be selected with caution in pediatric patients, particularly neonates and low weight infants, because of the increased risk of hyperglycemia/hypoglycemia.
- Additives may be incompatible. Complete information is not available. Those additives known to be incompatible should not be used. Consult with pharmacist, if available. If, in the informed judgement of the physician, it is deemed advisable to introduce additives, use aseptic technique. Mix thoroughly when additives have been introduced. Do not store solutions containing additives
Nursing Responsibilities
- Suspend container from eyelet support.
- Remove plastic protector from outlet port at bottom of container.
- Attach administration set. Refer to complete directions accompanying set
- Clinical evaluation and periodic laboratory determinations are necessary to monitor changes in fluid balance, electrolyte concentrations, and acid base balance during prolonged parenteral therapy or whenever the condition of the patient warrants such evaluation.
- Lactated Ringer’s and 5% Dextrose Injection, USP should be used with caution. Excess administration may result in metabolic alkalosis.
- Caution must be exercised in the administration of parenteral fluids, especially those containing sodium ions to patients receiving corticosteroids or corticotrophin.
- Solution containing acetate should be used with caution as excess administration may result in metabolic alkalosis.
- If an adverse reaction does occur, discontinue the infusion, evaluate the patient, institute appropriate therapeutic countermeasures